原理
raid0:以条带的方式进行存储(两块硬盘)
raid1:把磁盘的数据镜像到另一个磁盘(两块及以上)
raid5:条带+分布校验(三块及以上)
raid10:条带+镜像(四块及以上)
搭建
一丶前期准备
配置yum源后挂载并下载mdadm命令
![RAID磁盘阵列的原理与搭建](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201809/20/baa3ebaf79651fc78531e779b94cfd52.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
二丶创建RAID
1.创建RAID0
添加两块硬盘,并分区。使用ls查看
![RAID磁盘阵列的原理与搭建](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201809/20/638bea943e222e576daf1d76e71299b9.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
![RAID磁盘阵列的原理与搭建](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201809/20/fe39c54a394a731352c0868e46c47d92.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
创建raid0
![RAID磁盘阵列的原理与搭建](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201809/20/378900b187627431df60de899ea99d2b.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
格式化并挂载
![RAID磁盘阵列的原理与搭建](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201809/20/0cee355a1f3c58e5108fd2989b256843.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
查看raid0状态
![RAID磁盘阵列的原理与搭建](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201809/20/2a7734658d95b5e43d59b77846a3677b.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
这里顺便教一下大家如何自动挂载
查询出raid0的UUID,进入配置文件,更改配置,mount -a挂载
![RAID磁盘阵列的原理与搭建](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201809/20/ec6eb253e4a69b90d92678c0996aadbc.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
2.创建RAID1
添加硬盘
![RAID磁盘阵列的原理与搭建](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201809/20/f183fa79e3410c4845d076fac6fd7af5.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
创建raid1
![RAID磁盘阵列的原理与搭建](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201809/20/bf654399259151b94f0d7be26152f22c.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
格式化并挂载
![RAID磁盘阵列的原理与搭建](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201809/20/2fefff24cf06a21ffe7888ca3cc6769b.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
查看raid1的状态
![RAID磁盘阵列的原理与搭建](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201809/20/2ab1e51d86e273339d2d34d6c7603a72.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
3.创建RAID5
添加硬盘
![RAID磁盘阵列的原理与搭建](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201809/20/c4b10082a21bb87bb354c2fe544a2df1.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
创建raid5
![RAID磁盘阵列的原理与搭建](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201809/20/613d7fe9756a12a737395a1bdd5b6438.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
格式化并挂载
![RAID磁盘阵列的原理与搭建](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201809/20/22cdb61dca3511b60abcb6a3726c57dc.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
![RAID磁盘阵列的原理与搭建](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201809/20/145929112beff06e54e679770fb98084.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
查看raid5状态
![RAID磁盘阵列的原理与搭建](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201809/20/9fe04db13118f23341be2cd16fa278c6.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
![RAID磁盘阵列的原理与搭建](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201809/20/c5f612c74dbb567ef5fa452375d0889d.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
这里在补充一下磁盘管理知识,以raid5为例
先查看raid5状态
![RAID磁盘阵列的原理与搭建](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201809/20/0f0a45981da652c6b02452152a94ac03.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
可以看到有四个盘,其中一个是热备盘。
![RAID磁盘阵列的原理与搭建](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201809/20/d14be3fb196c00b4c28bc34ca80f3a5e.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
模拟硬盘坏掉,并查看。发现sdb坏掉了,并且sde顶替了他工作
![RAID磁盘阵列的原理与搭建](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201809/20/070f6408912787147780d20eed8eedca.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
删除坏死盘并查看,发现它消失了
![RAID磁盘阵列的原理与搭建](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201809/20/92dc7165ceb0e05b8d7eb95ed9820f0e.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
4.创建RAID10
添加硬盘
![RAID磁盘阵列的原理与搭建](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201809/20/721e6076ed585b6ecd94325ec9b13b01.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
创建两个raid1,在将两个raid1创建到raid0中
![RAID磁盘阵列的原理与搭建](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201809/20/9c192c08423c7cc08be91bc890ecbc7c.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
格式化并挂载
![RAID磁盘阵列的原理与搭建](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201809/20/55105df80ed2ed6a3f74d212fd008f2b.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
查看raid10状态(我们这里名字起了md6)